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European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, vol.316, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Adenomyosis is a benign displacement of endomerial tissue into the uterine myometrium, the exact pathogenesis of which has not yet been established. Recently, there has been increased research on the relationship between microbiota dysbiosis and adenomyosis; however, the details of this interaction are not yet clearly known. We have systematically reviewed all studies focusing on the relationship between microbiota and adenomyosis. The databases Pubmed, Scopus, GoogleScholar and Web of Science were queried up until June 2024. A total of 446 citations were obtained, resulting in the inclusion of a total of 7 papers, one of which was an animal experiment. There were 670 humans and 16 mice. There were 416 adenomyosis patients, 223 healthy controls, and 47 endometriosis-associated controls. 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing was used in 6 of 7 studies. Data was collected from the microbiomes of the endometrium, vagina, and gut. In adenomyosis, the abundance of Firmucites, Rhodospirillales, Ruminococcus gauvreauii, Citrobacter freundii, Prevotella copri, Burkholderia cepacia and the predominance of CST-III and CST-IV increase, while the abundance of Clostridiacea, Peptostreptococcaceae, Atopobiacea families and Fastidiosipila, Magasphaera sp. species decrease. This systematic review has revealed distinct bacterial species that are linked to adenomyosis, as well as the microbiome of the female genital tract and gut. Additional research is required to determine if these bacteria are the primary cause or a secondary result of adenomyosis.