Effects of low fat diet on inflammatory parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study


ERDEM N. B., Kahramanoǧlu Aksoy E., DİKMEN D., Uçar Baş K., AĞAÇDİKEN A., İlhan Esgin M., ...More

Medicine (United States), vol.103, no.15, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 103 Issue: 15
  • Publication Date: 2024
  • Doi Number: 10.1097/md.0000000000037716
  • Journal Name: Medicine (United States)
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, Veterinary Science Database, Directory of Open Access Journals
  • Keywords: Diet, inflammation, low fat, obesity, weight loss
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered one of the most important causes of chronic liver disorders in the world. Dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor that represents the main target for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the impact of low-fat diet on anthropometric measurements, biochemical, and inflammatory parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD. A total of 108 individuals (n = 59 males and n = 49 females) aged between 19 and 65 years participated in the 12-week weight loss program. Dietary treatment plans including low-fat diets were randomly prescribed for each individual. Anthropometric measurements were collected by a trained dietitian at baseline and 12-week follow-up. Blood samples were collected for each individual at baseline and 3rd month for biochemical measurements and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), chemerin, and irisin levels in plasma. At the end of the study, body weight, body mass index, body fat % body fat mass (kg) reduced significantly in females and males (P < .05). Moreover, reductions in waist, hip, and neck circumferences were significant in both groups. Changes in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significant in 3rd month. After 3 months, reductions in TNF-α, IL-6, and FGF-21 levels were significant in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD. While no significant change in chemerin and irisin levels was found. These results show that low-fat diet over a 12-week period led to improvements in both anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters in individuals with obesity/overweight and NAFLD.