In this study we describe and illustrate a new charophyte assemblage from the Miocene-Pliocene of the Ilgın and Yalvaç basins (Central Anatolia, Turkey). Six stratigraphic sections and one borehole have been studied from the sedimentological and micropaleontological viewpoints. The studied localities at Ilgın are: Early Miocene of Yukarıçiğil, Kiresendere (Dığrak), Çiğil and Late Miocene-Pliocene of Çebişli while the studied locality in the Yalvaç Basin are: Early Miocene of Balcı, Late Miocene-Pliocene of the SK-2 borehole and Pliocene of Bağkonak. Both the Ilgın and Yalvaç basins are filled by Neogene non-marine sedimentary sequences representing important basins of the Central Anatolia [1]. The studied sections are mainly constituted by an alternation of tufaceous limestones (tufa), oncolitic limestones, fossiliferous marls, and organic claystones with edaphic structures and lignite lenses. The facies assemblages indicate the prevalence of palustrine and alkaline lacustrine conditions. Up to 9 charophyte taxa are here described and illustrated for the first time in the area. The assemblage is dominated by well-preserved gyrogonites of Chara vulgaris, Chara globularis, Chara molassica notata, Chara molassica molassica, and Chara sp. In some intervals these species occur associated to Sphaerochara ulmensis, Sphaerochara cf. miocenica, Sphaerochara sp., and Lychnothamnus barbatus var. antiquus. Moreover, corticated diplostichous and haplostichous thalli (charophyte stems) were found in several samples. Other associated microfossils include aquatic gastropods, ostracods and vertebrate remains. This study reports the first record of several well-known European taxa in Turkey. Moreover, this charophyte assemblage provide significant information about the palaeoecological conditions that prevailed in the lakes of Ilgın and Yalvaç during the Neogene. The here-studied flora indicates the prevalence of shallow, stable, oligotrophic and oligohaline lakes.