Type 1 diabetes mellitus following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

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Aydogan B. I., ÜNLÜTÜRK U., Cesur M.

ENDOCRINE, vol.78, no.1, pp.42-46, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 78 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2022
  • Doi Number: 10.1007/s12020-022-03130-8
  • Journal Name: ENDOCRINE
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Page Numbers: pp.42-46
  • Keywords: SARS-Cov-2 mRNA vaccination, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Autoimmunity, Glutamate decarboxylase, Spike Protein, CORONAVIRUS, CHILDREN
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Purpose Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have been reported to trigger immune side effects. Type 1 diabetes as a manifestation of autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants has been reported in a limited number of cases after vaccinations. A few type 1 diabetes cases after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been reported. This study aims to report type 1 diabetes cases associated with the mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Methods We report four cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus after mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech). In the medical history, one subject had autoimmune thyroid disease. All patients had autoantibodies against glutamate decarboxylase. Results In the presented case series, type 1 diabetes developed a few weeks after BNT162b2 vaccination. After developing type 1 diabetes, the insulin dose requirements of all patients decreased rapidly, and the need for insulin therapy in three patients disappeared during follow-up. Acute deterioration of glucose regulation in a patient followed by BNT162b2 administration may be due to vaccine-induced autoimmune diabetes. Conclusion Vaccination with BNT162b2 may trigger type 1 diabetes.