Acoustic Characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish Vowels Produced by Turkish Adult Females

ÖNEN Ç., ESEN AYDINLI F., KEMALOĞLU Y. K.

FOLIA PHONIATRICA ET LOGOPAEDICA, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, SSCI, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1159/000548102
  • Journal Name: FOLIA PHONIATRICA ET LOGOPAEDICA
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, MLA - Modern Language Association Database, Psycinfo
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Introduction: The acoustic characteristics of vowels are essential in phonology, acoustic phonetics, and various related fields. A few Turkish studies have presented data on vowels in females, but the number of subjects was limited. This study aimed to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Contemporary Turkiye Turkish (CTT) vowels in healthy native Turkish adult females and construct the vowel quadrangle specifically for them. Methods: The research involved 51 female volunteers aged 18-45. The parameters of intensity (root mean square), fundamental frequency (F0), and the first through fifth formant frequencies (f1, f2, f3, f4, and f5) were calculated for the CTT vowels (). Each vowel's f1 and f2 values were plotted on a vowel chart as y and x values, respectively. Results: Intensity values ranged from 60.4 to 82 decibels. The lowest and highest mean F0 were obtained with the vowels and <& uuml;>, respectively. The highest f1 was noted for , whereas the lowest f1 was found for . Additionally, had the highest f2, while had the lowest f2. The speech sound of exhibited a very high f1 (the second highest after ) and f2 (the second highest after ). The speech sounds of were identified as corner vowels. Conclusion: This research provided the acoustic characteristics of CTT vowels and a standard CTT vowel template for female speakers with perceptually and acoustically healthy voices. (c) 2025 S. Karger AG, Basel