In Vitro Effects of an Olive Polyphenol-Bromelain Formulation on U87MG Glioblastoma Cells: Viability, Cell-Cycle Distribution, Cytokine Release, and Total Antioxidant Capacity
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), cilt.31, sa.18, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 31 Sayı: 18
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/molecules31183334
- Dergi Adı: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Directory of Open Access Journals, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: bromelain, cell-cycle distribution, G0/G1 accumulation, glioblastoma, IL-10, IL-6, olive polyphenols, total antioxidant capacity, U87MG
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains difficult to treat, and natural bioactive formulations are being explored as experimental modifiers of tumor-associated cellular processes. This study examined a fixed-ratio olive polyphenol-bromelain formulation in U87MG cells and performed targeted phenolic characterization of its olive-derived component. Methods: Seven phenolics were quantified by LC-MS/MS. U87MG cells were exposed to the formulation or a bromelain comparator. The MTT metabolic signal, DNA-content cell-cycle distribution, IL-6, IL-10, and extracellular total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were assessed. Results: The total quantified phenolics were 483.22 mg/kg, with oleocanthal, oleuropein, and 3,4-DHPEA-EDA predominating. The formulation reduced the MTT signal more than bromelain at lower and intermediate concentrations, although the response became non-monotonic at higher concentrations. Combination-treated cells showed greater G0/G1 accumulation. Culture supernatants showed lower IL-6 and higher IL-10 and TAC relative to untreated controls. Conclusions: The formulation was associated with changes in metabolic activity, cell-cycle distribution, and extracellular cytokine/redox readouts in U87MG cells. Because no polyphenol-only arm, direct cell-death assay, complete replicate-level inferential analysis, or non-tumoral comparator was available, the findings are descriptive and do not establish synergy, cytotoxicity, mechanism, tumor selectivity, or therapeutic efficacy.