The Influence of Dietary Compliance on Premenstrual Symptoms in Adolescents with Celiac Disease
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jpag.2026.08.006
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Autoimmune enteropathy, Gluten-free diet, Menstrual disorders, Nutritional adherence, Youth
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Study Objective: Celiac disease (CD) may be associated with extraintestinal manifestations, including menstrual irregularities, particularly in adolescents with poor adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Although premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is common during adolescence, its relationship with dietary adherence in adolescents with CD remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and severity of PMS in adolescents with CD and to assess its association with GFD adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional study included female adolescents with biopsy-confirmed CD (n = 50) and healthy controls (n = 42), both with regular menstrual cycles. PMS was assessed using the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), with a score ≥110 indicating PMS. Dietary adherence was evaluated through three methods: serum anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA levels, self-reported compliance, and prospective 3-day dietary records reviewed by a clinical dietitian. Group comparisons were conducted to assess PMS prevalence and subscale scores. Results: While overall PMS prevalence did not differ significantly between CD and control groups (P = .384), CD patients adhering to a GFD exhibited significantly lower PMSS scores compared to noncompliant patients and controls (groups based on serology P = .036; self-reported compliance P = .016; dietitian assessment P = .001, respectively). Noncompliant patients reported more severe symptoms in domains related to depression, pain, sleep, and concentration. Conclusion: Dietary noncompliance in adolescents with CD is associated with increased severity of PMS symptoms. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive dietary and menstrual health evaluation in CD management and suggest that nutritional interventions may offer a therapeutic avenue for PMS symptom relief.