Research Information System
in: Prognostic and Diagnostic Markers in Diseases, NOVA Publications , pp.315-330, 2026
Skin diseases encompass a broad spectrum of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic conditions that can significantly impact quality of life. Biomarkers play a critical role in understanding the pathophysiology of skin diseases, aiding in diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized therapy. Inflammatory biomarkers, such as cytokines and chemokines, help classify chronic skin conditions like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and rosacea. Additionally, emerging genetic, proteomic, and metabolic markers provide insights into autoimmune diseases, including lupus erythematosus and vitiligo, where dysregulation in immune signaling pathways is prevalent. Non-invasive biomarker sources, such as skin tape stripping and serum analysis, have expanded biomarker applications in dermatology, offering accessible options for monitoring disease progression and treatment response. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have identified potential biomarkers for skin cancers, such as melanoma and non-melanoma types, through the detection of circulating tumor DNA, RNA, and protein-based markers. This review explores the significance of established and emerging biomarkers in various skin diseases, emphasizing their clinical utility in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, predicting disease outcomes, and guiding targeted therapies. Continued research in dermatological biomarkers holds promise for advancing personalized medicine and improving therapeutic efficacy in dermatology.