Pericytes in Ischemic Stroke

DALKARA T., Alarcon-Martinez L., Yemisci M.

PERICYTE BIOLOGY IN DISEASE, cilt.1147, ss.189-213, 2019 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 1147
  • Basım Tarihi: 2019
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/978-3-030-16908-4_9
  • Dergi Adı: PERICYTE BIOLOGY IN DISEASE
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.189-213
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Pericyte, Microcirculation, Blood-brain barrier, Reperfusion, Recanalization, Thrombolysis, Angiogenesis, Neurogenesis, Cerebral ischemia, Post-stroke recovery, Retinal ischemia, CADASIL, FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA, ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR, INDUCED CA2+ RESPONSES, BLOOD-FLOW, MICROVASCULAR PERICYTES, CONTRACTILE PROTEINS, CAPILLARY PERICYTES, NEUROVASCULAR UNIT, HUMAN BRAIN, IN-VIVO
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Recent stroke research has shifted the focus to the microvasculature from neuron-centric views. It is increasingly recognized that a successful neuroprotection is not feasible without microvascular protection. On the other hand, recent studies on pericytes, long-neglected cells on microvessels have provided insight into the regulation of microcirculation. Pericytes play an essential role in matching the metabolic demand of nervous tissue with the blood flow in addition to regulating the development and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), leukocyte trafficking across the BBB and angiogenesis. Pericytes appears to be highly vulnerable to injury. Ischemic injury to pericytes on cerebral microvasculature unfavorably impacts the stroke-induced tissue damage and brain edema by disrupting microvascular blood flow and BBB integrity. Strongly supporting this, clinical imaging studies show that tissue reperfusion is not always obtained after recanalization. Therefore, prevention of pericyte dysfunction may improve the outcome of recanalization therapies by promoting microcirculatory reperfusion and preventing hemorrhage and edema. In the peri-infarct tissue, pericytes are detached from microvessels and promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis, and hence positively effect stroke outcome. Expectedly, we will learn more about the place of pericytes in CNS pathologies including stroke and devise approaches to treat them in the next decades.