A Novel Approach for the Optimization of Segmental Linings in TBM Tunnels Through Steel Ring Reinforcement
Applied Sciences (Switzerland), cilt.16, sa.13, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 16 Sayı: 13
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/app16136778
- Dergi Adı: Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Applied Science & Technology Source, Compendex, INSPEC, Directory of Open Access Journals
- Anahtar Kelimeler: numerical model, segmental lining, steel ring, tunnel, Tunnel Boring Machine
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Mechanized tunneling with Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) is essential for rapid urbanization, yet traditional thick concrete segmental linings incur high material costs and geometric challenges in deep projects. This study investigates an innovative hybrid reinforcement strategy to optimize structural efficiency by reducing segment thickness through steel rings, a concept inspired by the proactive support principles of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM). Three finite element numerical models were developed using PLAXIS 3D to evaluate this design under approximately 69 m overburden in claystone. The results demonstrate that 25 cm concrete segments reinforced with structural steel rings achieve mechanical performance comparable to traditional 40 cm unreinforced segments, despite a 37.5% reduction in lining thickness. This structural optimization facilitates a 43.7% reduction in concrete consumption, reduces the outer excavation diameter, and simplifies manufacturing and construction logistics while keeping structural forces and displacements safely within engineering thresholds. The findings confirm that the proactive integration of steel rings provides a lining configuration demonstrating potential material optimization advantages for modern TBM tunnel designs in demanding ground conditions.