Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Indolin-2-one-Benzimidazole Hybrids with VEGFR-2 Inhibitory Activity VEGFR-2 Inhibitor Aktiviteye Sahip Yeni Indolin-2-On-Benzimidazol Hibritlerinin Sentezi ve Yapısal Karakterizasyonu
Fabad Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, cilt.51, sa.2, ss.741-754, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 51 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.55262/fabadeczacilik.1920623
- Dergi Adı: Fabad Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, EMBASE, Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Pharma Collection (ProQuest)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.741-754
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Benzimidazole, indolin-2-one, molecular docking, VEGFR-2
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
In the present study, two indolin-2-one-benzimidazole hybrid compounds were synthesized and structurally characterized by IR,1H/13C-NMR, HSQC, NOESY, and HRMS analyses. The cytotoxic activities of the target compounds were evaluated against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, as well as the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A breast epithelial cell line, along with their VEGFR-2 inhibitory activities. Among the synthesized compounds, 2a exhibited potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells and strong VEGFR-2 inhibition while displaying low toxicity toward MCF-10A cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that compound 2a induces apoptosis, whereas ROS analysis indicated only a mild oxidative response. Furthermore, molecular docking studies supported the experimental findings by showing that compound 2a stably binds within the ATP-binding site of VEGFR-2 through key hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction.