Association of chrononutrition indices with circadian preferences, sleep quality and mental health in adults

KABASAKAL ÇETİN A., AYDIN Ö.

BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM RESEARCH, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/09291016.2025.2466040
  • Journal Name: BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM RESEARCH
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Animal Behavior Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, Geobase, Psycinfo, SportDiscus, Veterinary Science Database
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association of chrononutrition indices with circadian preferences and mental health in adults. Data of 234 adults was collected online from November 2023 to February 2024. In order to determine circadian preferences, sleep quality and mental health conditions, specific and validated scales were used. The associations of chrononutrition indices with circadian preferences, sleep quality and body mass index (BMI) were assessed by multiple linear regression models, and adjusted for age and sex. Breakfast, lunch, evening and eating jet lag of participants were 1.8 (1.5) h, 1.3 (1.1) h, 0.4 (0.9) h, and 1.0 (1.1) h, respectively. Eating window of participants was 12.30 +/- 1.51 h/day. Among variables analysed, depression was negatively associated with eating window on weekend (beta=-0.179, p = 0.008), and eveningness was positively associated with eating midphase (beta = 0.181, p = 0.002). Results suggest that among chrononutrition indices eating window and eating midphase are associated with depression and eveningness in adults.