DALTON TRANSACTIONS, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.1-12, 2023 (SCI-Expanded)
The properties of graphene oxide (GO) have received much attention and
been applied to the exploration of potential applications in
disease-related diagnostics and non-invasive therapy. One application,
photodynamic therapy (PDT), involves the killing of cancer cells where
singlet oxygen is generated with light irradiation of the appropriate
wavelength. In this work, three new BODIPY derivatives (13–15),
decorated with carbohydrate moieties for active targeting and branched
ethylene glycol for biocompatibility, and their GO based nanocarriers
were designed to study the singlet oxygen production and PDT efficiency.
First, BODIPYs were prepared, followed by the fabrication of GO layers
with BODIPY dyes via a non-covalent method. Detailed
characterizations of the materials were carried out with mass
spectrometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR, 13C
NMR, elemental analysis, Raman spectroscopies, EDX analysis and TEM and
AFM microscopies. The efficiency of singlet oxygen generation in
organic and water-based solutions was determined by photobleaching with
1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) and
9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid (ABDA), respectively.
The results in in vitro PDT analysis against K562 human cancer
cells indicate the prepared materials are highly promising in PDT
anticancer therapy and the IC50 values of GO loaded BODIPY derivatives bearing heavy atoms, GO-14 and GO-15, were calculated as 40.59 nM and 39.21 nM, respectively.