Comparative Evaluation of Alternative Methods for the Estimation of the Bond Work Index Bond İş İndeksi Tahmininde Alternatif Yöntemlerin Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi
Yerbilimleri/ Earth Sciences, cilt.47, sa.2, ss.177-192, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 47 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.17824/yerbilimleri.1887025
- Dergi Adı: Yerbilimleri/ Earth Sciences
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, Geobase
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.177-192
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Bond work index, Energy equivalence approach, Grindability test, Grinding kinetics, Kapur method, Magdalinović method
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Although the Bond Work Index (Wi) test developed by Bond (1961) is regarded as the most reliable measure of grindability in the industry, its long testing time and high sample requirement present significant practical limitations in routine applications. Therefore, determining the Bond work index in a shorter time and with less sample material provides a substantial advantage in terms of both time and cost for laboratory and industrial-scale process designs. In this study, the standard Bond method and three alternative grindability test procedures (Kapur, 1970; Magdalinović, 1989; and the energy equivalence approach proposed by Berry & Bruce, 1966) were applied to materials with different mineralogical characteristics — natural mineral-based materials (calcite, copper ore, and gold ore) and an industrial intermediate product (clinker). The accuracy, repeatability, and practical applicability of these methods in estimating the Bond Work Index (Wi) were comparatively evaluated. The results revealed that the methods proposed by Magdalinović (1989) and Kapur (1970) accurately represented the energy–particle size relationship of the Bond test, exhibiting high correlation coefficients (R2 ≈ 0.999 and 0.955, respectively). While the Magdalinović method achieved high accuracy despite its significantly reduced testing time, the Kapur method showed a systematic underestimation trend for certain materials. In contrast, the energy equivalence–based method failed to predict the work index values accurately and was unable to reproduce the correct relative order of grindability among the materials. These findings indicate that identical energy inputs do not necessarily produce similar size reduction behaviors for different materials. This study highlights the differences among three alternative methods in terms of reliability, sensitivity, and practical applicability. The results provide a valuable dataset for researchers working on grinding kinetics, energy–particle size modeling, and process optimization. Moreover, the findings serve as a practical guideline for process and design engineers to identify which methods can be applied more rapidly, reliably, and economically for different ore types. From an industrial perspective, the study also establishes a technical reference for evaluating the performance of alternative approaches that allow faster preliminary estimation compared to the standard Bond test, thereby contributing to process control and pre-characterization studies.