Olfactory acuity based on Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT R ?) in migraine patients with and without aura: A cross-sectional, controlled study

Kandemir S., Pamuk A. E., Glu Y. H., Ozel G., Muluk N. B., Kilic R.

AURIS NASUS LARYNX, vol.49, no.4, pp.613-617, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 49 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2022
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.anl.2021.11.014
  • Journal Name: AURIS NASUS LARYNX
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE
  • Page Numbers: pp.613-617
  • Keywords: Migraine, Aura, Olfaction, Smell tests, BSIT, Brief Smell Identification Test, TENSION-TYPE HEADACHE, OSMOPHOBIA, DIAGNOSIS, ODORS
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: No

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate olfactory acuity in migraine patients with and without aura (MwA and MwoA) Material and methods: The study included 30 MwA patients, 30 MwoA patients, and 30 ageand gender-matched controls. Demographic features and odor-related symptoms (osmophobia, odor offensiveness, and odor-triggered attack status) were noted. Olfactory acuity was measured using the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT (R)), a 12-item derivative of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT (R)). BSIT (R) scores were compared between the migraine patients and controls. Results: The mean BSIT (R) score did not differ significantly between the MwA patients (8.7 +/- 0.9) and MwoA (9.17 +/- 0.9) patients (P = 0.094); however, the mean score in the control group was higher (10.4 +/- 0.6) than in the MwA and MwoA patients (P < 0.001). The mean BSIT (R) score did not differ significantly between patients with and without odor-triggered migraine attacks (9 +/- 0.9 and 8.8 +/- 0.8, respectively) (P = 0.4). Osmophobia and odor-triggered attacks were more common in the MwA patients than in the MwoA patients (odor-triggered attacks: 66% vs. 40% [P = 0.04]; osmophobia: 76.6% vs. 60% [P = 0.16]) Conclusion: Olfactory acuity is lower during attack-free periods in migraine patients, as compared to controls. Migraine aura status does not affect olfactory acuity. Odor-triggered attacks, osmophobia, and offensive odors between attacks were more common in the MwA patients than in the MwoA patients. (c) 2021 Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.