ChatGPT-4 vs. multi-disciplinary tumor board decisions for the therapeutic management of primary laryngeal cancer

Pamuk A. E., Bilen Y. E., Külekci M. Ç., Kuşcu O.

ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.1-6, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 1 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1080/00016489.2025.2502563
  • Dergi Adı: ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, International Bibliography of Social Sciences, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, EMBASE, Linguistics & Language Behavior Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-6
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background 

Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support systems are promising tools for addressing the increasing complexity of oncological data and treatment. However, the integration and validation of models such as ChatGPT within multidisciplinary decision-making processes for head and neck cancers remain limited.

Objective 

To evaluate the performance of ChatGPT-4 in the management of primary laryngeal cancer and compare it with multidisciplinary tumor board (MDT) decisions.

Methods 

The medical records of 25 patients with untreated laryngeal cancer were evaluated using ChatGPT-4 for therapeutic recommendations. The coherence of responses was graded from Grade 1 (totally coherent) to Grade 4 (totally incoherent) and compared with actual MDT decisions. The association between patient features and response grades was also assessed.

Results 

ChatGPT-4 provided totally coherent (Grade 1) responses consistent with MDT decisions in 72% of the patients. The rates of Grade 2 and Grade 3 coherent responses were 20% and 8%, respectively. There were no totally incoherent responses. There was no significant association between the grade of coherence and T stage, N stage, tumor localization, differentiation, or age (p = 0.106, p = 0.588, p = 0.271, p = 0.677, p = 0.506, respectively).

Conclusion 

With further improvements, ChatGPT-4 can be a promising adjunct tool for clinicians in decision-making for primary laryngeal cancer.