Effect of a Decellularized Omentum Scaffold with Combination of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Healing of Critical-Sized Bone Defect: A Rat Model

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EMET A., ÖZDEMİR E., ÇETİNKAYA F. D., Kilic E., Hashemihesar R., Yuruker A. C. S., ...More

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL, vol.11, no.22, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 11 Issue: 22
  • Publication Date: 2021
  • Doi Number: 10.3390/app112210900
  • Journal Name: APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Communication Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Directory of Open Access Journals, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Keywords: segmental bone defect, PRP, omentum, scaffold, mesenchymal stem cell, ADIPOSE-TISSUE, STROMAL CELLS, DIFFERENTIATION, TRANSPLANTATION, MATRIX
  • Hacettepe University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The high costs and extensive time needed for the treatment of critical-sized bone defects are still major clinical concerns in orthopedic surgery; therefore, researchers continue to look for more cost and time-effective methods. This study aims to investigate the effects of a decellularized omentum scaffold with a combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells on the healing of critical-sized bone defects. Wistar albino rats (n = 30) were investigated in five groups. Critical-sized bone defects were formed on bilateral radius shafts. No scaffold, decellularized omentum, omentum with PRP and omentum + mesenchymal stem cells was used in group 1 (control group), 2, 3 and 4, respectively. In addition, omentum with a combination of mesenchymal stem cells +PRP was used in group 5. After 6 weeks, both radiological and histological healing were evaluated comparatively among the groups. After the use of a decellularized omentum scaffold, vitality of new cells was maintained, and new bone formation occurred. When compared to the control group, radiological healing was significantly better (p = 0.047) in the omentum and omentum + PRP-treated groups. Furthermore, histological healing was better in the omentum and omentum + PRP-treated groups than the control group (p = 0.001). The use of a decellularized omentum scaffold is suitable in the healing of critical bone defects.