Mycoplasma genitalium Infections, Recent Approaches in Diagnosis and Treatment


Creative Commons License

IŞIK M. C., Zarakolu P.

FLORA INFEKSIYON HASTALIKLARI VE KLINIK MIKROBIYOLOJI DERGISI, cilt.27, sa.3, ss.363-370, 2022 (ESCI) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 27 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.5578/flora.20229702
  • Dergi Adı: FLORA INFEKSIYON HASTALIKLARI VE KLINIK MIKROBIYOLOJI DERGISI
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.363-370
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: M, genitalium, Non-gonococcal urethritis, Sexually transmitted infections, WOMEN, MEN, PREVALENCE, MANAGEMENT, GUIDELINE, HEALTH
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Mycoplasma genitalium is a sexually transmitted bacteria causing asymptomatic infections frequently. M. genitalium is associated with urethritis in men and is the cause of approximately 15%-20% of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU), 20%-25% of nonchlamydial NGU, and 40% of persistent or recurrent urethritis. Among women, M. genitalium has been associated with cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in 10%-30% of women. Diagnosis is achievable by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) with sensitivity of 78-100% and specificity of 96-99%. Patients with persistent and recurrent symptoms of urethritis, cervicitis, PID, and their partners must be screened for M. genitalium by NAAT. Routine screening is not recommended for asymptomatic individuals. Treatment is guided according to macrolide resistance, ideally. Initially doxycycline (2 x 100 mg) is provided for seven days, then if macrolide-sensitive, azithromycin will be given for three days (1 g on the first day, then 1 x 500 mg for two days); if macrolide-resistant or resistance testing is not available, moxifloxacin will be used (1 x 400 mg) for seven days. Since the recommendation of the routine treatment for PID will be ineffective for M. genitalium, it is recommended to complete the doxycycline (2 x 100 mg) treatment for 14 days. In the case of detection of M. genitalium, it is advocated to add moxifloxacin (1 x 400 mg) for 14 days.